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Centrifugal pumps are widely used in various industries for transporting fluids by converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. Understanding the input power required for centrifugal pumps is crucial in determining their efficiency and performance. The input power for a centrifugal pump can be calculated using the formula:
The work performed by the pump is equal to the weight of liquid pumped in Unit time multiplied by total Head in meters. However the pump capacity in M3/hr and liquid specific gravity are used rather than weight of liquid pumped for work done by the pump. The input power “P” of a pump is the mechanical power
\[ P_{in} = \rho g Q H \left( \frac{1}{\eta} \right) \]
Where:
- \( P_{in} \) = Input power (W)
- \( \rho \) = Density of the fluid (kg/m³)
- \( g \) = Acceleration due to gravity (m/s²)
- \( Q \) = Flow rate (m³/s)
- \( H \) = Total head (m)
- \( \eta \) = Overall efficiency of the pump
The specific speed “Nq” is a dimensionless parameter derived from a dimensional analysis that allows for the comparison of impellers of various pump sizes, even when operating under similar flow rate conditions. The specific speed is calculated using the formula:
\[ Nq = \frac{N \sqrt{Q}}{H^{3/4}} \]
Where:
- \( N \) = Pump speed (rpm)
- \( Q \) = Flow rate (m³/s)
- \( H \) = Total head (m)
Centrifugal pumps come in various sizes and configurations, each designed for specific applications and operating conditions. Selecting the right centrifugal pump involves considering factors such as flow rate, total head, efficiency, and specific speed. Using online calculators and formulas can help in determining the power requirements and selecting the most suitable pump for a given application.
The specific speed “Nq” is a parameter derived from a dimensional analysis which allows a comparison of impellers of various pump sizes even when their operating similar Q
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centrifugal pump input power formula|power required by pump formula